{
    "results": {
        "page": [
            {
                "pageNumber": "1",
                "paragraph": [
                    {
                        "data": "www.ncconstructionnews.com "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "FEBRUARY/MARCH 2019, Volume 14 No.1 "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "NCDOT outlines 1,600 projects "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "in 10 year transportation plan "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "CAGC recognizes 2018 Pinnacle Award winners: "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Enhancing communities and the industry "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "A contractor’s guide to the North Carolina Fair "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Housing Act: Avoiding costly mistakes "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Lotus brightens the world of recessed lighting "
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "pageNumber": "2",
                "paragraph": [
                    {
                        "data": "Ron Brown leads "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "CAGC as chair; other "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "directors announced "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Publisher’s Viewpoint "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Mark Buckshon, publisher "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "North Carolina Construction News staff writer "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Ron Brown of State Utility Con- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tractors, Inc. in Munroe has as- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "sumed the helm as 2019 chair of "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the Carolinas Associated General "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Contractors (CAGC) board of direc- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tors. Casey Schwager of Sloan Con- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "struction Company, Inc., will be the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "chair elect. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Other executive members and directors include: "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Treasurer: Charlie Wilson, C. T. Wilson Construction "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Company Vice-chair: Mark Johnnie, Balfour Beatty "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Immediate past chair: Paul Mashburn, Mashburn "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Construction Co., Inc. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "CAGC president and CEO: Dave Simpson "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Building division chair: Dean Wilson, Hood "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Construction Utility division chair: David Stike, Sanford Contractors "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Highway division chair: Jonathan Bivens, S. T. Wooten "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Corporation Specialty division chair: Barry Wells, SimplexGrinnell "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Supplier/service division chair: Robert Coon, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Scott Insurance "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Directors at Large: Sam Young, Young & McQueen "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Grading Co., Inc.; Greg Hughes, Contract Construction, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Inc.; and Ty Edmondson, T. A. Loving Co. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Appointed directors: Melvin Williams, S&ME, Inc. and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Traci Strickland, Eldeco, Inc. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "North Carolina Construction News (NCCN) is distributed "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "throughout the Carolinas construction industry. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "NCCN is circulated on a controlled circulation list to "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "qualified readers including members of most major "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "construction associations in the Carolinas. The maga- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "zine is supplemented by a weekly e-letter which "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "reaches more than 4,000 industry leaders each week. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "For information contact: "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Chase, Phone: 1-888-627-8717 ext 212 "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "chase@ncconstructionnews.com www.ncconstructionnews.com. ISSN 1940-3682. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "2 — February – March 2019 — The North Carolina Construction News "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Association awards, recessed lighting, and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "fair housing law – these three topics have little "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "directly to do with each other, but together "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "they reflect the diverse opportunities and chal- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "lenges within North Carolina’s architectural, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "engineering and construction community. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "When you think about it, each of us brings "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "some level of specialized expertise and knowl- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "edge to the table, and then we connect our "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "talents to others to achieve significant and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "durable results. Many pieces go into each "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "construction project puzzle. While we clearly "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "require specific trade and business knowl- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "edge within our immediate responsibility, we "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "also need to understand and relate to many "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "others to achieve successful results. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The challenge for a construction industry "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "publication in 2019 is to distill the various op- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "portunities, issues and challenges so that "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "readers can appreciate both the details and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the bigger picture. North Carolina Construc- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tion News applies several different ap- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "proaches, including this magazine (best for "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "longer and more in-depth articles), our nc- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "constructionnews.com website, and a weekly "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "eletter distributed each Wednesday. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Our readers and advertisers, of course, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "benefit from the package, allowing for multi- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "media business development opportunities. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Note that this magazine only contains a sam- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "pling of the articles and images published on- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "line, with updates most days. We’re always "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "looking for news about interesting projects "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "and developments, trends, and (yes) contro- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "versies. If an issue is controversial, we’ll strive "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "to fairly report the different perspectives to "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "help you form our own opinions and conclu- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "sions about the issue. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Advertisers benefit from editorialized fea- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tures (otherwise known as ‘native advertise- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ments’) and banner ads both in the newsletter "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "and on the website. We can track impres- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "sions and click-throughs in real time, meaning "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the results are highly measurable. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "You can learn more how to promote your "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "business in these pages by connecting with "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Chase at chase@nccconstructionnews.com. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "And of course if you have story ideas or "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "news suggestions, please let me know at "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "buckshon@ncconstructionnews.com. "
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "pageNumber": "3",
                "paragraph": [
                    {
                        "data": "NCDOT outlines 1,600 projects "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "in 10 year transportation plan "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "North Carolina Construction News staff "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "writer North Carolina Department "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "of Transportation (NCDOT) has "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "included more than 1,600 "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "transportation projects in the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "draft 2020-2029 transportation "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "plan released at the Jan. 10 "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "regular Board of Transporta- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tion meeting. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The State Transportation "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Improvement Program (STIP) "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "is NCDOT's proposed funding "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "and construction schedule for "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "projects to be completed dur- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ing the next 10 years. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The plan is updated every "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "two years, NCDOT says in a "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "statement. Projects scheduled in the first five years of a "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "plan are considered committed and are not re-evalu- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ated, but projects in the final five years of the 10-year "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "plan are prioritized again, along with suggested new "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "projects. The Board of Transportation is expected to "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "consider final approval of the draft plan this summer. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "See details about STIP projects at the NCDOT website "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The draft STIP includes projects in all 100 counties in "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the state and all modes of transportation. The projects "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "break down this way: 1,266 highway, 86 aviation, 235 bi- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "cycle and pedestrian, six ferry, 23 public transit and 47 "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "rail. Projects were selected based on technical data, as "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "well as input from local officials and residents. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "A few of the major projects in the plan include: "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "• Upgrading 15 miles of U.S. 64 to Interstate 87 in "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Nash and Edgecombe counties; "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "• constructing part of the U.S. 74 Wadesboro Bypass in "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Anson County; "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "• improving I-77 south of Charlotte in Mecklenburg "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "County; • constructing the I-26 Connector in Buncombe "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "County; • adding a second passenger ferry for the Ocracoke Ex- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "press route between Hatteras and Ocracoke; "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "• widening I-40 in Orange County between I-85 to U.S. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "15-501; and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "• upgrading U.S. 29 to Interstate 785 in Guilford and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Rockingham counties. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "A complete breakdown of the projects in the draft "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "plan, as well as changes from the current 2018-2027 "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "STIP, is available on the NCDOT website. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Each of the department’s 14 highway divisions will "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "schedule an in-house week-long public comment ses- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "sion in February or March during normal business hours. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The sessions will serve as opportunities for interested "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "residents to review maps and handouts about the pro- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "jects, ask questions of local NCDOT staff, and submit "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "comments. There will also be an opportunity for resi- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "dents to submit comments online, with those details "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "being announced later. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Projects that did not score high enough to be funded "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "at the statewide level are rolled over to the regional "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "level to be considered for funding. Projects that were "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "not funded at the regional level could still be considered "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "at the division level. This cascading aspect of the pro- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "cess helps ensure that local input from officials and resi- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "dents plays an important role in prioritizing projects for "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "funding. Shumaker’s construction lawyers represent clients across the construction "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "industry: general contractors, subcontractors, suppliers, owners, develop- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ers, architects, engineers, construction managers, and sureties. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Al Windle • 704.945.2176 • awindle@slk-law.com "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The North Carolina Construction News — February – March 2019 — 3 "
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "pageNumber": "4",
                "paragraph": [
                    {
                        "data": "CAGC recognizes 2018 Pinnacle Award winners: "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Enhancing communities and the industry "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "North Carolina Construction News staff writer "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The Carolinas Associated General "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Contractors (CAGC) has honored "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "five community-enhancing con- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "struciton projects with 2018 Pinna- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "cle Awards. As well, Vaughn Wicker, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "retired after many years with the In- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ternational Code Council received a "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "sixth Pinnacle, the “Build with the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Best” award, in recognition of his "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "lifetime construction industry career "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "contributions. The Pinnacle Awards presenta- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tions were made on Jan. 26 at "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "CAGC’s Annual Convention in "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Charleston, SC. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "CAGC says Pinnacle entries are "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "judged on unique aspects and chal- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "lenges; special values; project man- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "agement; budget and schedule; "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "and safety performance. The com- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "petition is co-sponsored by CPA "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "firm GreerWalker LLP and the law "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "firm of Johnston, Allison & Hord. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Here are the awards: "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Best building project over "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "$5 million: Vidant Health — "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Cancer Care at Eddie and Jo Alli- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "son Smith Tower, Greenville, NC "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "General contractor: T.A. Loving "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Rodgers joint venture "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Pinnacle partners: SteelFab and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "North State Steel "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The T.A. Loving Rodgers joint "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "venture served as the construction "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "manager to build this six story, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "418,000 sq. ft. cancer center with "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "96 inpatient rooms, 60 infusion "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "areas, and 58 clinical exam rooms. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The interior features themes of "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "flowering trees, calming color "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "palettes and digital art walls with in- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "spirational scenes from North Car- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "olina landscapes. As a special "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "detail, during the design phase, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "staff and patient and family advisors "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "were consulted to help design the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "center’s aesthetics. Outside, there "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "are three healing gardens, offering "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "calm and quiet atmosphere to fos- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ter meditation and reflection. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "More than 200 phasing plans "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "were carefully calculated, coordi- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "nated and executed to integrate the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "new cancer care center in the exist- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ing Vidant campus footprint and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "systems. The center was built over and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "around an existing underground ma- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "terial transport and piping tunnel "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "measuring 40 feet wide. Deep foun- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "dations, concrete foundations and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "structural steel installations were "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "completed one side at a time, and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "then equipment was demobilized "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "and moved to the other side. Upon "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "successful completion, the new "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "building tied into the existing tunnel "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "in what is now the basement. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The new center also links to the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "existing, fully active operating "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "rooms. Without disrupting patients "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "and surgery, T.A. Loving Rodgers "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "successfully coordinated efforts to "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "control noise, vibrations and air- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "borne particles. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The joint venture combined re- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Vidant Health Cancer Care "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "4 — February – March 2019 — The North Carolina Construction News "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "sources for a concise and efficient "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "joint project safety program with "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "careful planning, training, enforce- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ment and project safety auditing. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Each crew held a daily job hazard "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "analysis safety huddle. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Best building project under "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "$5 million: Cascade Saloon "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Redevelopment, Greensboro, NC "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "General contractor: The Christman "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Company Pinnacle partners: Tise-Kiester "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Architects and Bennett Preservation "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Engineering The Christman Company formed "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "a public/private partnership with "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Preservation Greensboro and its de- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "velopment fund and the City of "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Greensboro to transform the struc- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ture, listed on the National Register "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "of Historic Places, into the contrac- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tor’s new regional offices. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Constructed in 1895 as a saloon "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "and general store, the brick ma- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "sonry building had served the com- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "munity in many capacities over the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "years. But by the 1980s, the struc- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ture had been all but abandoned; "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "over the next three decades, it fell "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "into a state of dangerous disrepair. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The saloon has a challenging "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "downtown site nestled between "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "four major rail lines. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Renovations to the three-story "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "building presented significant tech- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "nical challenges. The contractor "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "needed to work between two func- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tioning railway tracks, stabilize the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Cascade Saloon redevelopment "
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "pageNumber": "5",
                "paragraph": [
                    {
                        "data": "masonry structure, and work with "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "extremely limited space for materi- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "als and deliveries. The solution: a "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "“building a ship in a bottle” ap- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "proach to erect a new support struc- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ture inside the historic brick walls. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The masonry team recycled more "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "than 1,000 reclaimed bricks from an "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "interior wall to repair the building. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The three-story, 9,245-sq. ft. build- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ing now serves as home to more "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "than 70 full-time employees. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Best highway-heavy project under "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "$5 million: Glendale Pedestrian "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Bridge, Glendale, SC "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The project consisted of replac- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ing 5,200 rivets with high strength "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "bolts, replacing all lower chords "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "with higher grade steel, disassem- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "bling and repairing the bearings, re- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "placing all significantly corroded "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "steel, replacing the deteriorated as- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "phalt deck with a new timber deck, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "and a new paint job complete with "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "100 percent removal of existing "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "lead-based paint. The bridge also "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "received lighting, hand rails, and im- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "proved access. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Because plans were not avail- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "able, everything had to be field "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "measured to create the new set of "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "plans. Additionally, steel sizes, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "General contractor: Carolina "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Bridge Company, Inc. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The original bridge crossing Law- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "son Creek, built in 1903 was re- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "placed in 1928 with a Pratt Style "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Truss on 1903 rock masonry piers. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The structure was then closed to "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "vehicle traffic in 1977 and then ulti- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "mately abandoned. The challenge: "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "restoring the 89-year-old bridge "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "after 40 years of neglect. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Proud To partner with These Lines: "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "strengths, and fabrication tech- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "niques have changed a lot in 89 "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "years; therefore all restoration parts "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "had to be custom fabricated, requir- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ing structural steel cataloging, field "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "measuring, shop drawings, and fab- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "rication. There were special challenges in "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "replacing the truss’s lower chords "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "and rivet replacement. Every con- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "nection had to be analyzed to deter- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "mine the correct sequence to "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "remove and replace the original riv- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ets, making sure not to damage the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "surrounding steel, which could "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "cause a collapse. There were no "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "lost-time injuries. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Glendale Pedestrian Bridge "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "* *Wirtgen Group products only available in Virginia markets. | Not all lines available at all locations. Please see your nearest James River "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "location for full details. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The North Carolina Construction News — February – March 2019 — 5 "
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "pageNumber": "6",
                "paragraph": [
                    {
                        "data": "Salem Creek Connector "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Best highway project over "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "$5 million: Salem Creek "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Connector, Winston-Salem, NC "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "General contractor: Blythe Con- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "struction, Inc. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The Salem Creek Connector pro- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ject aimed to maintain and improve "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "connectivity between the Research "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Triangle Corridor and Downtown "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Winston Salem. The project in- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "cluded a new four-lane boulevard "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "with a diverging-diamond inter- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "change at U.S. 52. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Blythe created a temporary track "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "to ensure that Winston-Salem "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Southbound Railroad’s train, which "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ran daily across two bridges that "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "were to be replaced, could operate "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "without interruption. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The railroad bridge over U.S. 52 "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "offered other challenges, such as "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "coordinating its construction with "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the phasing of the U.S. 52 roadway. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Traffic flow had to be maintained, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "requiring multiple traffic shifts and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "temporarily diverting all south "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "bound traffic onto the new ramp "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "alignment. The project included twin new "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "arches over U.S. 52 to reflect the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "community’s Moravian heritage. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Extensive community consulta- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tions included frequent outreach "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "events with North Carolina Depart- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ment of Transportation (NCDOT), "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "local staff and Happy Hills neigh- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "bourhood community members. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Wilmington Bypass Segment B, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Wilmington, N.C. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "General contractor: Balfour Beatty "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "This $124 million, three-mile "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "bridge and roadway project – US-17 "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "from State Road 1430 to West of "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "US-421 North of Wilmington, repre- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "sented the culmination of a 15-year "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "plan to reduce traffic congestion in "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "New Hanover County and improve "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "accessibility to Brunswick County to "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the south. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The project represents a suc- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "cessful collaboration between "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "NCDOT, Balfour Beatty, the US "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Army Corps of Engineers, US Coast "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Guard, CSX Transportation, Duke "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Energy and a strong subcontractors "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "network. Among many challenges, the an- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "nual Toomer Creek fish moratorium "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "prohibited bottom-disturbing work "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "from February to mid-June. Balfour "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Beatty strategically allocated re- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "sources to “in-water work” for "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "seven months so that the restriction "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "would not derail progress. However, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "when the team began pile driving to "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "install the trestle and begin the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "bridge foundation, challenging "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ground conditions quadrupled the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "time required to drive each pile to "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "its minimum tip elevation. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Consequently, all employees and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "subcontractors committed to an ag- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "gressive 24-hour schedule through "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the holiday season to drive all 184 "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Wilmington Bypass Segment B "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "6 — Summer 2018 — The North Carolina Construction News "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "piles before the February fish mora- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "torium started. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Balfour Beatty drove the largest "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "precast pile in southeastern North "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Carolina and constructed one of the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "longest post-tensioned spans in the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "state. Placing the post-tensioned "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "girder section required careful engi- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "neering and detailed coordination. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The project team preserved the in- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tegrity of the untouched wetlands "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "and delivered the three-mile bridge "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "and roadway project on time. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Individual “Build with the Best” "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Pinnacle Award: Vaughn Wicker, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "International Code Council "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "(retired) Vaughn Wicker "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The Build with the Best award "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "honors someone who is not a con- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tractor but has contributed to the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "construction industry’s betterment "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "and the Carolinas’ overall economic "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "welfare. Vaughn Wicker worked for the In- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ternational Code Council (ICC) for "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "23 years before he retired in May, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "2017. He served as the council’s "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "representative covering the South- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "east, including North Carolina and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "South Carolina. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Over the years, his experience as "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "a code official made him an excel- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "lent member advocate, and he al- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ways provided great service and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "support to the construction indus- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "try. The award citation says CAGC’s "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Leslie Clark often called upon "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Wicker anytime she had questions "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "regarding codes — and he was al- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ways eager to help. He would also "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "dedicate time to sharing the impact "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "that proposed building code bills "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "would have on the construction in- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "dustry. "
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "pageNumber": "7",
                "paragraph": [
                    {
                        "data": "Construction Excellence Awards "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "CAGC also presented Construc- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tion Excellence Awards to five con- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tractors for their work on what the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Pinnacle Award judges deemed to "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "be projects of distinction. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Cool Springs Volunteer Fire De- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "partment, Statesville, NC: "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "D. R. Reynolds Company "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The 24,000 sq. ft. structure "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "houses local fire, EMS, sheriff, and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "rescue services. The project’s "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "unique and sustainable features in- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "clude full height block and brick, 6 "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "inch metal studs, LED lighting, and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "mechanical units operating with "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "high efficiency 3-phase power. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "complete renovation of 19 re- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "strooms, door hardware replace- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ment/additions, and a new sprinkler "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "system including a new fire line to "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the 135,000 sq. ft. project. Batson- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Cook shortened the original sched- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ule from two summers (with an "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "optional third summer) to just one "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "summer. Novant Health Charlotte Ortho- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "pedic Hospital, Charlotte, NC: "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Vannoy Construction "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The project included a new "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "three-story, 90,000 sq. ft. tower ad- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "dition with renovations to the exist- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ing hospital. The project’s three "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "major phases included relocation of "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the main hospital entrance, con- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "struction of the new hospital bed "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tower addition, and renovation of "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "multiple departments on\\existing "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "hospital’s three floors. The project "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "was performed within very tight "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "working conditions and limited con- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "struction laydown in the urban "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Charlotte location. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Express Design-Build Replace- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ment of Bridge #262 over Mill "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Pond, Granite Falls, NC: R. E. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Burns & Sons Company, Inc. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The existing 400 ft. bridge, built "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "in 1949 using timber piles and short "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "spans to cross Old Mill Pond/Gun- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "powder Creek in Granite Falls, was "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "in dire need of replacement. To de- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "liver the project early, R. E. Burns "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "doubled the crews, extended work "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "hours and worked weekends. Set- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "backs included flooding and a tor- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "nado. The contractor completed "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the project on time, within budget "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "and without lost time incidents. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Construction & Surety Lawyers "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Cary/Apex Raw Water Pump Sta- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tion and Intake Improvements, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Apex, NC: Crowder Construction "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Company The pump station provides drink- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ing water to more than 250,000 "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "people in the greater Triangle area. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "All components were upgraded. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "This project had with its share of "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "challenges, including site con- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "straints, low-to-no lake water visibil- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ity, and a very aggressive schedule. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "For Every Step of Your Critical Path. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Applied Technology Center – "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Package B, Rock Hill, SC: "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Batson-Cook Company "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Work on the three-building, sin- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "gle-story Applied Technology Cen- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ter included heating, ventilation, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "and air conditioning replacement, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "acoustical ceiling tile replacement, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Every day, the construction and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "surety lawyers at Lewis & Roberts "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "help their clients manage commercial "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "construction risk through careful "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "contract drafting, thoughtful project "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "counseling and zealous claims "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "919.981.0191 resolution. Contact Jim Roberts, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "3700 Glenwood Avenue, Suite 410 "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Matt Bouchard and Ben Buskirk "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Raleigh, North Carolina 27612 "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "today, and allow our knowledge, ex- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "www.lewis-roberts.com perience and sound judgment guide "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "mattbouchard@lewis-roberts.com you at every step "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "of your critical path. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Serving all of North Carolina "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "For more, visit Matt ‘s blog, “N.C. Construction Law, Policy & News,” "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "at www.nc-construction-law.com "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The North Carolina Construction News — February – March 2019 — 7 "
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "pageNumber": "8",
                "paragraph": [
                    {
                        "data": "Lotus brightens the world "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "of recessed lighting "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "North Carolina Construction News "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "SPECIAL ADVERTISING FEATURE "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Recessed lighting is an invaluable "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tool for designers and contractors "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "who want to use lighting to empha- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "size artwork or architecture, create "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "visual separations between diver- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "gent areas, and make a room more "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "beautiful. Traditional recessed lighting, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "though, creates its own challenges "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "– the light’s housing (the bulk of the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "light that sits behind the display sur- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "face) can be very large, meaning the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "lights have to be placed where they "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "can fit, not always where they’re "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "most useful. Trying to space lights "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "for optimal use and overall visual ap- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "peal can be tricky when negotiating "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "insulation, support beams, joists, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "and other restrictions. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "These challenges can be particu- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "larly problematic where placement "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "of lights is crucial – like in the soffit "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "around the outside of a house, or in "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the kitchen where very specific "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "areas need lighting. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "In finished basements, recessed "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "lights can up so much space that "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "drop ceilings have to be hung lower "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "to accommodate the housing, and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "that can affect the entire room’s "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "overhead space. Top floor installa- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tions with traditional recessed lights "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "require climbing around in attics and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "placing the lights from there, mak- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ing the task especially challenging. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Mechanical engineer Georgi "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Georgiev saw the problems caused "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "by recessed lighting systems. He "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "knew he could do better. He looked "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "for a solution and came up with "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Lotus Lights, the original Slimline re- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "cessed LED lighting solution. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Slimline lights can fit inside ½ "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "inch drywall depth. Dropped ceiling "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "installations require only 2 inches of "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "clearance space in contrast to some "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "recessed lighting systems which re- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "quire from 6 to 12 inches of clear- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ance. This tiny profile allows "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "installation to fit in almost anywhere "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "in a room, opening up the design "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "opportunities for light placements, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "while the lightweight design means "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "they stay in place no matter what "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "material they’re clipped into. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "In addition to Lotus’ slim profile, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "easy installation sets the company’s "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "products apart. Installations can be "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "done from underneath, saving has- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "sle and time, and small, flexible "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "wires make placement a snap. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The two features have made "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Lotus a favourite name among in- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "dustry professionals, including on "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the hit show “This Old House,” a "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "home-improvement series for DIY- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Best People "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Best Practices ® "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Details @phccnc.com "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "919.532.0522 Your Business can GROW – When you’re in the KNOW "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "8 — February – March 2019 — The North Carolina Construction News "
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "pageNumber": "9",
                "paragraph": [
                    {
                        "data": "Looking for a solid legal foundation? "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Our construction "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "attorneys can help you "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "reach new heights. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ers. One episode featured the lights being installed in "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the soffit above garage doors in minutes, improving both "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the look and practicality of the outdoor lighting on the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "home. Since Lotus’ inception nine years ago, Georgi has "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "grown the Canadian-based, family run business across "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "North America. Now Lotus is a leading manufacturer of "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "innovative lighting products. The company retains its "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Canadian roots, with design and development of new "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "products still taking place in Vancouver. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Lotus has grown its product list to be include aper- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tures in sizes from 2 to 10 inch models, and is available "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "in a variety of finishes, including white, black, brushed "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "nickel, and copper, Lotus provide many helpful acces- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "sories finishing projects, like frame kits, goof rings and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "extension cables. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Lotus’ innovation continues, with the most recent "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "patent being issued in July, 2018, for an Air-tight Gimbal "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "fixture without housing. The company also introduced a "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "new, 10 inch round commercial recessed light last fall. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Lotus focuses on smart products and good customer "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "service. For example, industry-leading 10-year residential "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "warranties back up Lotus’ fixtures, an insurance policy on "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the quality of the product. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "All of Lotus lights have been designed to be wet- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "proof, meaning they can be used indoors or outside. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Many models are also Air Tight rated, so they won’t leak "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "your warm air outside during cold winter months. Lotus "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "fixtures are also IC (insulation contact) rated without ad- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ditional housing. That means lights can go on top floors "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "without a vapour boot, and right up to insulation, and still "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "pass inspection. The lights can go almost anywhere. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The overall look of Lotus lights is without parallel. The "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "sleek design of the lights lends a modern air, and the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "LED lights are available in a variety of colour tones to "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "strike the perfect balance between brightness and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "warmth. Recessed lighting can modernize a kitchen or "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "create a cinematic experience in a home theatre, prod- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ucts are available to compliment both retrofit projects "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "and new builds. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Lotus doesn’t sell fixtures direct to customers, but the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "products are available widely across the United States at "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "electric supply wholesalers. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "For more information, contact Lotus or one of the re- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "gional distributors serving your area: You can learn more "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "at www.lotusledlights.com. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "A U.S. News and Best Lawyers ® "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "National Tier 1 Ranking Law Firm "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "for Construction Litigation "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "for four consecutive years "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "(“Best Law Firms,” 2015 – 2018). "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Companies large and small meet "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "their challenges at the job site, at the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "deal table, in court and in the halls of "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "government with NexsenPruet. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "More than 190 lawyers in Charlotte, Greensboro and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Raleigh, North Carolina, and Charleston, Columbia, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Greenville, Hilton Head and Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "701 Green Valley Road | Suite 100 | Greensboro, NC 27408 "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Harper Heckman | Construction Practice Group Leader | 336.387.5181 "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "nexsenpruet.com The North Carolina Construction News — February – March 2019 — 9 "
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "pageNumber": "10",
                "paragraph": [
                    {
                        "data": "GUEST COLUMN "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "A contractor’s guide to the North Carolina "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Fair Housing Act: Avoiding costly mistakes "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "By Luke J. Farley Sr. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Special to North Carolina Construction News "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "When you think about the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "statutes and codes that govern the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "construction and design process in "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "North Carolina, does the North Car- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "olina Fair Housing Act (NCFHA) "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "come to mind? Probably not—but it "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "should, or you may be opening your "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "business up to an expensive risk. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "According to Lawyers Weekly, in "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "2016 one of the largest settlements "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "in our state resulted from a con- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "struction and design dispute under "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the NCFHA. The developers, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "builders, and architects of the Sky- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "House high rise apartments in "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Raleigh and Charlotte agreed to pay "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "$1.8 million to correct sliding door "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "thresholds which were inaccessible "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "to people with disabilities. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Numerous other cases around "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the country have resulted in own- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ers, contractors, and designers pay- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ing out hundreds of thousands of "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "dollars and sometimes even mil- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "lions. You can’t afford to be un- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "aware of this law. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Fair housing law basics "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The NCFHA is relatively short. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "This state law shouldn’t be con- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "fused with the better-known federal "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Fair Housing Act. The federal "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "statute, however, allows individual "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "states to adopt and enforce their "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "own comparable statute instead of "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "relying on the federal act. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Our state’s fair housing laws are "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "enforced by the N.C. Human Rela- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tions Commission, a state govern- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ment agency within the Office of "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Administrative Hearings. The com- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "mission has a professional staff of "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "investigators and attorneys as well "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "as commissioners appointed by the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "governor and legislature. Enforce- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ment is carried out by commission "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "staff and complaints are heard by "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the commission. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Because there aren’t many cases "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "interpreting the NCFHA, the Human "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Relations Commission relies heavily "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "on federal case law, regulations, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "and guidance prepared by the U.S. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Department of Housing and Urban "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Development (HUD) and the U.S. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Department of Justice (USDOJ). "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The most important thing to "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "know about the NCFHA is how "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "broad it is. The act outlaws a wide "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "range of discriminatory housing "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "practices based on race, color, reli- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "gion, sex, national origin, handicap- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ping condition or familial status. The "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "act creates a private right of action "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "for any person who claims to have "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "been injured by any person who en- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "gages in practices prohibited by the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "act. Potential claimants could in- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "clude buyers, sellers, and tenants. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Respondents could include sell- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ers, mortgage brokers, real estate "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "agents, landlords, and property "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "management companies. The differ- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ent combinations of potential "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "claims, claimants, and respondents "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "allowed under the NCFHA is practi- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "cally limitless. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Design and construction standards "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "As far as contractors and design- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ers are concerned, the law’s key "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "provision is a section that makes it "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "“an unlawful discriminatory housing "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "practice to fail to design and con- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "struct covered multifamily "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "dwellings” according to seven dif- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ferent handicap accessibility stan- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "dards. A dwelling (including common "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "areas) is covered if it has four or "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "more units and an elevator. If the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "building has four or more units but "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "10 — February – March 2019 — The North Carolina Construction News "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "lacks an elevator, then only the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ground floor units and common "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "areas will be covered. In other "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "words, if a building only has stairs "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "but no elevators, then only the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ground floor units must comply "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "with the design standards. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "A wide variety of buildings and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "facilities are covered, including con- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "dominiums, cooperatives, apart- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ment buildings, vacation and time "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "share units, assisted living facilities, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "continuing care facilities, nursing "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "homes, public housing develop- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ments, transitional housing, single "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "room occupancy units (SROs), "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "homeless shelters, dormitories, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "hospices, extended stay or residen- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tial hotels, mobile home parks, and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "more. In short, if you’re in the busi- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ness of building multifamily hous- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ing, you must be familiar with the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "requirements of the NCFHA. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The act includes these require- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ments: • a building entrance on an “acces- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "sible route;” "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "• public and common areas readily "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "accessible and usable by handi- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "capped people; "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "• an “accessible route” into and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "through all dwellings and units; "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "• doors wide enough to accommo- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "date wheelchairs; "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "• light switches, electrical outlets, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "and thermostats in “accessible "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "locations;” • bathroom walls reinforced so as "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "to allow the installation of grab "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "bars; and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "• space in the kitchens and bath- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "rooms to allow a person in a "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "wheelchair to maneuver. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Note, though, the seven stan- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "dards are only stated in general "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "terms. For instance, the statute isn’t "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "specific as to exactly how wide a "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "door needs to be to accommodate "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "a wheelchair or where exactly light "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "switches need to be located. These "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "requirements are outlined in section "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "R321.3 of the North Carolina Resi- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "dential Building Code, which is "
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "pageNumber": "11",
                "paragraph": [
                    {
                        "data": "based on specifications from the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "American National Standards Insti- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tute (ANSI). "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Common design and construc- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tion violations include building en- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "trances having only steps but no "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ramps, door thresholds being too "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "high and without a bevel, outlets "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "placed too low, and switches placed "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "too high. Unlike other provisions of "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the NCFHA, proof of a violation "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "doesn’t require a showing of dis- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "criminatory intent or effect; failure "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "of the dwelling to meet the stan- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "dards is enough. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Broad liability for owners, designers, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "and contractors "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Who in the construction process "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "is responsible for complying with "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the design and construction stan- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "dards? The owner? The designer? "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The contractor? The statute doesn’t "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "say explicitly. Federal courts have "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "long held that a defendant doesn’t "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "need to both “design and construct” "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "a covered building in order to be li- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "able. If a building is inaccessible to "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "handicapped residents, you’d expect "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the residents to seek relief against "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the owner or the landlord. You’d "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "then expect the owner or landlord to "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "go after the designer as the party re- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "sponsible for designing the project "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "and ensuring accessibility. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Accessibility would seem to be "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "entirely a question of design. A con- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tractor, on the other hand, would "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "seem to have no liability for accessi- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "bility. Under the venerable Spearin "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "doctrine a contractor is only re- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "quired to build the project according "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "to the plans designed the by archi- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tect and provided by the owner. A "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "contractor is seemingly the least "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "culpable party when design stan- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "dards aren’t met. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "But the current practice of the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "N.C. Human Relations Commission "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "staff, supported by federal case law, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "is to seek relief against all the major "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "parties involved in the project— "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "owner, designer, and contractor. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Neither the North Carolina statute "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "nor state decisional law specifically "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "authorizes this practice. However, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "federal courts interpreting the fed- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "eral act have determined that a con- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tractor can (surprisingly) be held li- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "able even if the contractor did noth- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ing more than build the project "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "according to plans designed by "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "someone else. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The rationale for this approach is "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "that the Fair Housing Act is remedial "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "in nature and a strict interpretation "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "of the act will result in compliance "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "with the law and an increase in "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "available housing for handicapped "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "individuals. Even so, this approach "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "totally upends the traditional divi- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "sion of responsibilities on a design- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "bid-build construction project. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Despite this persuasive authority, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "a contractor facing a claim under "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the NCFHA should still raise a de- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "fense based on the implied war- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ranty of plans and specifications. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "This defense is well established "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "under North Carolina law. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Two key defenses "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "There are two key NCFHA de- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "fenses: (1) showing the project is "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "exempt from the accessibility stan- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "dards and (2) showing the project "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "was designed and built according to "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "a safe harbor building code. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The strongest defense is to show "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "a project isn’t subject to the act. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "While most multifamily projects will "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "be covered, the design standards "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "don’t apply to single-family homes, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "duplexes, or triplexes. Commercial "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "buildings like offices, stores, ware- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "houses, etc., are also explicitly ex- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "empt. The other important defense is "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "compliance with the safe harbor de- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "sign standards, which applies if a "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "state adopts one of 10 design "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "codes recognized by HUD without "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "any changes and the project is built "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "2018-2019 edition "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The North Carolina Construction News — February – March 2019 — 11 "
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "pageNumber": "12",
                "paragraph": [
                    {
                        "data": "to these standards. You can meet "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the safe harbor by complying with "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "section R321.3 of the North Car- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "olina Building Code. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Damages and remedies "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "NCFHA violations can be costly "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "for owners, designers, and contrac- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tors. The statute provides a wide "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "range of legal and equitable reme- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "dies for an injured claimant. In addi- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tion to actual damages, a claimant "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "can obtain punitive damages, court "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "costs and attorneys’ fees, and tem- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "porary or permanent injunctions. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "There are no North Carolina "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "cases interpreting the law’s reme- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "dies provision. In federal cases, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "however, claimants have been "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "awarded compensatory damages "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "for a variety of loses and harms: "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "• out-of-pocket costs to make the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "residence more handicap acces- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "sible, • emotional distress and humilia- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tion resulting from being unable "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "to use the living space, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "• costs of testing housing units for "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "compliance with the standards, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "and • diversion of resources when an "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "organizational claimant imple- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ments a program to identify and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "counteract discriminatory hous- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ing practices. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "In addition to monetary dam- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ages, courts are empowered to "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "grant equitable relief, which could "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "include ordering the defendant to "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "retrofit a property so it complies "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "with the accessibility standards or "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "to establish a retrofitting fund to "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "pay for future retrofitting. Retro- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "fitting can be among the most "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "costly remedies and is also fre- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "quently a part of any settlement "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "agreement. Indemnification "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "While indemnity provisions are "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "common in construction and design "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "contracts, be aware these clauses "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "may not be enforceable when it "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "comes to fair housing claims. Given "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "that a fair housing complaint can "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ensnare the owner, the designer, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "and the contractor, it’s natural to as- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "sume that some of those parties "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "would seek to mitigate their risk "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "through contractual indemnification "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "provisions. For example, a contrac- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tor with no design responsibility "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "who built the project according to "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the contract documents might seek "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "indemnification from the owner "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "since the owner hired the designer. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Unfortunately, though, it’s un- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "clear whether the NCFHA allows "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "parties to shift their liability through "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "indemnification. The statute itself is "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "silent on this issue, but a 2010 deci- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "sion from a federal appeals court "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "suggests that contractual indemnifi- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "cation is incompatible with the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "statute’s purpose. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Indemnification disputes are part "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "of the reason the commission staff "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "makes every effort to include all the "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "potential parties in the original in- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "vestigation, and, if necessary, bring "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "legal action against all project par- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ticipants. The commission’s way of "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "thinking is that if all designers, ar- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "chitects, contractors, developers, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "owners, etc. are included, then they "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "all have an opportunity to be part of "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the inspection of the property, and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "make comments before the com- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "mission investigators issue a deter- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "mination. In addition, by including all proj- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ect participants, the respondents "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "have a chance to craft a compre- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "hensive settlement and work out "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "apportionment of damages among "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "themselves. It also means that, if "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the case ends up in court, the litiga- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tion isn’t further complicated by "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "third-party indemnity actions, and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "damages can be apportioned "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "among the various defendants as "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the court finds appropriate. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Practice and procedure "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "The procedures for adjudicating a "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "fair housing complaint are found in "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "a long, convoluted statute reminis- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "cent of a Choose Your Own Adven- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ture novel. The statute establishes "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "several procedural paths. In general, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "though, a fair housing complaint will "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ultimately be resolved by either (1) "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the administrative-judicial route, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "which culminates in a hearing be- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "fore the N.C. Human Relations "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Commission with a right of appeal "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "12 — February – March 2019 — The North Carolina Construction News "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "to superior court, or (2) the purely "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "judicial route where the case is "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "heard in superior court. Regardless "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "of the procedural path your case "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "may take, the NCFHA requires that "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "commission staff attempt to resolve "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the dispute through “informal con- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "ference, conciliation, or persua- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "sion.” Even after conducting an "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "investigation and determining there "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "are reasonable grounds to believe "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "there’s been a violation of the act, "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the Human Relations Commission "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "staff must still attempt to resolve "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the issue through negotiation. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "While overall 20 percent to 40 "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "percent of cases are resolved "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "through conciliation, practically all "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "construction and design complaints "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "end in settlement. “Conciliation "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "agreements” must be made public. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Conclusion The NCFHA may not immediately "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "spring to mind when you think of "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "the laws that govern the construc- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tion and design process in our "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "state, but failure to comply with this "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "law can have far-reaching conse- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "quences for owners, designer, and "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "contractors. Contractors in particular may "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "have unanticipated exposure for de- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "sign deficiencies—a total departure "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "from traditional construction law "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "grounded in the rules of contract. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "It’s unclear whether project partici- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "pants can mitigate risk through con- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "tractual indemnification—though "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "they should certainly try until a "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "court rules otherwise. These open "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "questions leave room for creative "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "lawyering by construction lawyers "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "to help clients faced with a fair "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "housing complaint. "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Luke J. Farley, Sr. is a "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "construction and surety "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "lawyer in the Raleigh of- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "fice of Conner Gwyn "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "Schenck PLLC. From "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "2014 to 2018, he served "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "as a commissioner on "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "N.C. Human Relations Commission. This "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "article has been edited from a compre- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "hensive version with endnotes to be pub- "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "lished in the near future. The views in this "
                    },
                    {
                        "data": "article are solely those of the author. "
                    }
                ]
            }
        ]
    }
}